Southern Madagascar is a region of rich cultural and topographical variety. There are many intriguing tribal groups in this part of the country, and to the south-west is acrid, canyon-like terrain while to the south-east you'll find rocky land with uneven greenery.

This is the wildest and driest part of the island and the most unusual vegetation is found here, from stands of baobab and the famous spiny forest to the carnivorous pitcher plant and three-cornered palm. Shell pieces from the extinct elephant bird may also be seen around this part of the island, however keep in mind that it's illegal to remove these.

Explore southern Madagascar's isolated inland areas via mountain bike or go hiking in the canyon country of the I'lsalo National Park. Alternatively, spend some time swimming or camping at L'Oasis - a lovely natural swimming hole situated about 10 km south-west of Ranohira.

Relax on the white beaches of Ifaty or enjoy diving to view the amazing reefs offshore. In winter (June to August) you can see humpback whales, and bird watchers will be pleased to find the rare southern Madagascar endemics such as the sub-desert mesite, the long-tailed roller and La Fresnaye's vanga in the area.

Anakao and Nosy Ve - a small village about 22 km south of St Augustin Bay. Swimming, snorkelling, surfing, diving and kite surfing can be enjoyed here, and the area is also the breeding ground for colonies of red-tailed tropic birds.

In Fort Dauphin (Taolagnaro) and Berenty Reserve you will discover a wide combination of lemurs, spiny desert and beaches. For Dauphin is also the "lobster capital" of Madagascar.

Isalo National Park is home to some rare wildlife, as well as spectacular scenery and hiking trails.